Manufacturing output across the eurozone moved back into expansion territory in January, reversing a brief dip seen in December, according to the latest HCOB Eurozone Manufacturing PMI figures published on Monday.
The headline HCOB Eurozone Manufacturing PMI rose to 49.5 in January from a nine-month low of 48.8 in December. While this marked the third consecutive reading below the 50.0 level that separates expansion from contraction, the data pointed to only a mild deterioration in overall manufacturing conditions.
A brighter signal came from production trends. The Manufacturing PMI Output Index increased to 50.5 from 48.9 in December, a three-month high, indicating a return to output growth. This marked the tenth expansion in production over the past 11 months, although the pace of growth was described as subdued.
Demand conditions remained weak. New orders fell for a third month in a row, though the rate of decline eased compared with December. Export orders also continued to contract, extending a downward trend that has been in place since July last year.
Performance varied widely across the currency bloc. Greece (54.2), France (51.2) and the Netherlands (50.1) recorded expansions, with France posting a 43-month high. In contrast, Spain (49.2), Germany (49.1), Italy (48.1) and Austria (47.2) all remained in contraction territory.
“Some progress can be seen in the manufacturing sector, but it’s happening at a snail’s pace,” said Cyrus de la Rubia, Chief Economist at Hamburg Commercial Bank. “Right now, it’s hard to say what might put an end to the ongoing rundown of inventories, which makes a strong short-term upswing rather unlikely.”
The survey also pointed to rising cost pressures. Input price inflation accelerated to its highest level in three years, likely driven by sharp increases in natural gas prices and higher industrial metal costs during January. Despite this, manufacturers largely held output prices steady compared with December, indicating limited ability to pass higher costs on to customers.
Employment levels in the manufacturing sector continued to fall, extending the current run of job losses to 32 consecutive months. However, the latest decline was the weakest since September 2025. Purchasing activity and inventory levels also contracted during the month.
Looking ahead, sentiment improved. Business confidence among eurozone manufacturers climbed to its highest level since February 2022, suggesting growing optimism about production prospects over the next 12 months, even as near-term conditions remain challenging.









